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Online PhD Programs

Regardless of academic field or discipline, doctoral degrees are considered terminal; they demand the highest standards of rigorous academic study and research.

Students who earn an online Ph.D. or professional doctorate fall into an elite category of highly educated professionals. Doctoral students acquire broad understanding of their discipline, specialized expertise in their field, and advanced research and writing skills. Many students opt to complete Ph.D. programs online instead of on campus.

Doctoral programs demand several years of challenging academic work, but they prove valuable for many aspiring academics, researchers, and working professionals seeking career and salary advancement. Doctoral degrees help many professionals become professors or administrators in sectors such as healthcare or education. Many doctoral programs only accept students with related master's degrees or related professional experience.

This page surveys some of the doctoral degree types and career paths available. See below for information on Ph.D. online program quality, pricing, and length. This information, plus our ranked list of top online Ph.D. programs, helps readers determine whether an online doctoral program aligns with their career goals, qualifications, and strengths.

What is a Doctoral Degree?

Certain prestigious and specialized career paths require doctoral-level degrees, the most advanced degrees available in most fields. According to the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES), the number of doctoral students has increased steadily in recent years, making doctoral degrees necessary for competition in certain career paths.

Qualified candidates for many positions in higher education, research, or law hold a Ph.D. or another doctoral-level professional degree such as a doctor of education (Ed.D.), juris doctor (JD), or various medical doctoral degrees.

Doctoral-level medical careers include veterinarians, who need doctor of veterinary medicine (D.V.M.) degrees; physical therapists, who earn doctor of physical therapy (DPT) degrees; and medical doctors, who hold doctor of medicine (MD) or doctor of osteopathic medicine (DO) degrees.

Doctoral degrees often take 3-8 years to finish. Practicum or professional experience requirements influence doctoral program length in many health and education fields. Exam-based professional programs such as the JD often require just 3-4 years to complete. Ph.D. programs involving independent research projects often take 6-9 years to finish.

Depending on industry, career path, and level of success, graduates often see a valuable return on their time investment. The College Payoff , a report produced by the Georgetown University Center on Education and the Workforce, indicates that doctoral degree-holders' lifetime earnings average $3.3-$3.6 million. This figure puts doctoral graduates' lifetime earnings 61% above bachelor's degree-holders' earnings. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) data indicates that doctoral graduates enjoy median weekly earnings of $1,883 — nearly double the $969 median weekly wage for all workers.

Best Online Ph.D. and Doctoral Programs

What's the difference between a ph.d. and a professional doctoral degree.

Both Ph.D. and professional doctoral degrees typically require advanced skills in research, writing, and oral defense. Many disciplines offer both Ph.D. and professional degree options. Note key differences between these degree types and choose wisely based on personal preferences, talents, and career goals.

The Ph.D. constitutes a more academic study path focused on theory, data analysis, and original research. Ph.D. programs typically prepare students for academic teaching or research careers by teaching enrollees to evaluate, analyze, and present academic theory and research literature.

Professional doctoral programs such as doctor of business administration (DBA) and doctor of public health (Dr.PH.) focus on research applications for professional practice and usually serve working professionals seeking career advancement.

Ph.D. students usually write dissertations, while professional doctoral students usually complete practical projects such as research studies or problem-solving initiatives at real-world sites.

The Most Popular Types of Doctoral Degrees

NCES data shows that healthcare professionals earn 43.63% of all doctoral degrees — more than twice the number found in law, which boasts the second-highest rate of doctoral degrees at 18.77%. Data from the same source indicates that only 4.47%-6.94% of professionals in the remaining disciplines of education, engineering, and biological sciences hold doctoral degrees. See below for descriptions of some of the most common doctoral degrees, including the Ed.D., Ph.D., and MD.

• Health professions and related programs–43.63%
• Legal professions and studies — 18.77%
• Education — 6.94%
• Engineering and engineering technologies — 5.99%
• Biological and biomedical sciences — 4.47%

Source: NCES

Continue reading for a list of some of the most common doctoral degrees:

Doctor of Education (Ed.D.)

Many aspiring education administrators, curriculum designers, and other educators interested in developing practical solutions for modern education concerns choose to earn an Ed.D. Common concentrations include higher education leadership, early childhood education, or elementary STEM education.

Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.)

Ph.D. programs offer an opportunity for research that students often tailor to their individual interests and career goals. Though different than the Ed.D. degree, Ph.D. concentrations often include a variety of education options, as well as specializations in business, marketing, and public health, among other research fields.

Doctor of Theology (ThD)

The Doctor of Theology offers a research degree comparable to the Ph.D. Optional concentrations often include history of Christianity, world church and world religions, and liturgical studies.

Medicinae Doctorate (MD)

Medical doctors and primary physicians hold an MD in order to practice general medicine in the U.S. Common concentrations include women's reproductive health, integrative medicine, and medical education.

Is an Online Doctorate Degree as Good as an On-Campus Degree?

An increasingly popular education choice, online programs offer academic rigor and reputations similar to on-campus equivalents. Most schools offering both online and on-campus versions of their degree programs award diplomas that do not differentiate between these degree types.

Recent research suggests that online and on-campus learning elicit similar student satisfaction levels. According to a 2016 report generated by The Learning House, Inc. and Aslanian Market ResearchData, nearly 65% of today's online students evidence prior online learning experience.

The same source reports that 90% of college students rate their online education experience as equivalent or better than their on-campus course experiences. The report also indicates that around 70% of students deem their online programs worth the time and financial investment.

The sections below discuss the benefits of online Ph.D. programs, including lower cost and greater attendance flexibility.

Is It Cheaper to Get a Doctoral Degree Online?

Pursuing an online Ph.D. often results in less student debt than on-campus options. Online programs often allow out-of-state students to pay cheaper in-state or online tuition rates, and many schools also waive various university service fees. Online students also save money by avoiding the residency and commuting costs of full-time, on-campus programs. Many homeowners and residents of rural areas who enjoy low living expenses attend online programs without relocating to more expensive urban or suburban areas.

Online doctoral degrees also frequently feature flexible attendance options that enable working professionals to maintain their current income while pursuing an advanced degree. Many online programs permit students to participate during evenings, weekends, or whenever proves convenient. Online students also enjoy equal access to financial aid, including federal grants and loans and university scholarships. The College Board's 2019 report on higher education trends indicates that full-time graduate students receive financial aid averaging $28,140.

How Much Does an Online Ph.D. Program Cost?

The College Board's 2019 report on college pricing indicates that public universities charge a fraction of the tuition and fees found at private nonprofit schools. The following comparative table below highlights the $34,000 difference in average doctoral program pricing between public and private higher education institutions.

Source: College Board

How Long does it Take to Get a Doctorate Degree Online?

Doctoral program length varies widely based on factors including degree type, discipline and field, and student pacing. NCES data from 2018 indicates that doctoral students' median finish time as 7.3 years since starting graduate school and 5.8 years since starting their doctoral programs. This discrepancy suggests that students with transferable graduate work, such as from a master's degree, finish their doctoral programs about 1.5 years faster.

NCES statistics also suggest that time-to-degree varies substantially by discipline of study. Doctoral degrees in physical science, mathematics, computer science, and engineering boast median completion times at least one year faster than social science degrees. Humanities, arts, and education doctoral programs take the longest.

How to Choose an Online Doctoral Degree

After deciding to earn a doctorate online, prospective students select a program. Though online programs generally share many of the same benefits, they often vary in their ability to meet your needs. First, make sure the program you choose fits your career needs, and that it offers preparation for any certification or licensing exams required in your particular area of study.

Some programs require campus visits in combination with online study. In this case, consider your proximity to campus. You may even enjoy certain campus perks, like gym access or tutoring centers, if your program requires you to complete some coursework there. Though all online programs offer flexibility, consider your learning style and what you need from the learning environment. If you are looking to study at your own pace, consider programs that offer asynchronous classes. The price of earning your doctorate online varies depending on whether your program is offered by a nonprofit or for-profit, private or public school.

Is it Better to Attend an Online Doctoral Degree Program in My State?

Your location plays a role in the cost of your online degree. Many schools charge different amounts for in- and out-of-state tuition, for both online and on-campus programs. Even if your online program does not require campus visits, many schools request proof of residence for cheaper in-state rates.

Students should check their own school's residency policies and look for state authorization or a school's State Authorization Reciprocity Agreement (SARA), which implements interstate, regional standards of postsecondary courses and programs. Many students prefer to enroll in an online program within their home state to pursue career counseling or other on-campus services.

Many doctoral-level career paths in fields like law or psychology require state licensure as well as a doctoral degree. Licensure requirements include professional experience hours, education credit requirements, and licensure examinations. Doctoral programs for these careers usually include coursework and internship or practicum experiences tailored to fulfill licensure requirements. Many professionals looking to practice in a new state transfer their license by taking advantage of reciprocity agreements maintained between state boards.

Why Accreditation is Key

When researching online doctoral programs, consider institutional and programmatic accreditation standards. The Council of Higher Education Accreditation (CHEA) recognizes various regional and national accrediting organizations that evaluate schools' academic quality. Many online schools receive their accreditation from the Distance Education Accrediting Commission .

Institutions and programs undergo the accreditation process voluntarily to ensure academic rigor. Accreditation matters because the federal government only grants federal financial aid to students at accredited schools. Schools also usually only recognize credits and degrees from schools with equivalent or superior accreditation standards.

Consider institutions accredited by CHEA-approved regional accreditors . Degrees from regionally accredited schools garner more respect from peers, other schools, and prospective employers.

High-quality professional programs also hold programmatic accreditation from field-based accrediting agencies recognized by CHEA. Prospective students can consult program websites or the Database of Accredited Postsecondary Institutions and Programs to determine accreditation status.

Careers that Require a Doctorate

Most careers requiring a doctoral degree fall into three general arenas: education, research, and healthcare. Aspiring professors and researchers in most nonmedical disciplines usually earn Ph.D. degrees. Ph.D. students often begin teaching and conducting research during graduate school, but candidates typically need their degree in hand to acquire full-time professorships or research positions.

Healthcare professions requiring doctoral degrees include veterinarians, physical therapists, medical doctors, and pharmacy directors. Psychiatrists and psychologists usually need doctoral degrees also. Most doctoral-level healthcare professions also require state licensure.

Professor, Postsecondary/Higher Education : Higher education professors teach undergraduate or graduate courses in their discipline or related disciplines. Aspiring professors typically need to earn terminal degrees in their field to obtain secure, full-time teaching jobs at universities and colleges. According to the BLS, postsecondary teachers made a median annual salary of $79,540 in 2019. The BLS projects job growth at a rate of 11% for 2018-2028.

Senior Research Scientist : Often working in laboratory and/or university environments, senior research scientists focus primarily on conducting research or experiments and gathering, analyzing, and presenting results or findings. PayScale salary data indicates that senior research scientists average $101,244 annually, although salaries depend on employer, field, and industry.

Psychiatrist : These professionals provide consultation and medication to patients struggling with mental health issues and disorders. Psychiatrists hold MD or DO degrees and earn a substantial mean annual wage of $220,380, according to the BLS .

Physical Therapist : Physical therapists assist elderly, injured, and disabled people to manage pain, increase mobility, and improve quality of life. The BLS projects 22% job growth for physical therapists during 2018-2028, and earnings data indicates that these professionals made a median annual salary of $89,440 in 2019. These professionals hold DPT degrees.

Hospital Pharmacy Director : These directors oversee all pharmacy operations. Major responsibilities include staff supervision, compliance assurance, customer service, and decision-making. Hospital pharmacy directors require doctor of pharmacy (Pharm.D.) degrees from accredited schools, plus licenses from their states of practice. PayScale indicates that hospital pharmacy directors average $146,293 annually.

Veterinarian : Often working in private clinics or animal hospitals, veterinarians provide preventative medical care and treatment for animals. Duties include examining, assessing, and testing animals; advising owners and prescribing treatments; and performing surgeries and euthanizations. BLS salary data shows that these professionals earned a median annual salary of $95,460 in 2019.

Applying to a Doctoral Degree Program

The application process for doctoral degree programs typically entails researching potential programs, studying for and taking standardized tests, and submitting application materials. Graduate applications typically require official transcripts, standardized test scores, recommendation letters, and a personal statement or essay. Many graduate programs also require a resume or portfolio, as well as an interview.

Graduate admissions typically prove far more competitive than undergraduate admissions. Invest time to produce high-quality application materials. This helpful guide provides a general overview of the application process and timeline for U.S. graduate schools.

1. Testing : Many doctoral program admissions committees expect applicants to submit graduate-level standardized tests. The graduate record examination (GRE), a commonly required standardized test in the United States and Canada, tests verbal reasoning, quantitative reasoning, and analytical writing. Many programs require students to take the general GRE and a GRE subject test.

Other possible standardized tests include the Law School Admission Test (LSAT), the Medical College Admission Test (MCAT), and the Graduate Management Admission Test (GMAT). Try a few practice tests several months in advance of application deadlines, to see whether their scores approach the score minimums stipulated by their prospective doctoral programs.

2. Letters of Recommendation : Doctoral program admissions usually require 2-4 recommendation letters from relevant professors and mentors. Applicants typically approach their recommenders 1-2 months prior to their deadline and make sure that the recommender can write a positive recommendation.

Many applications allow online submission of recommendations. Check in with recommenders regularly to encourage and verify timely submission of the letter.

3. Resume/Portfolio : To assess an applicant's professional accomplishments, most doctoral programs require submission of a resume or curriculum vita and/or a writing sample or portfolio. Ph.D. admissions teams look favorably upon applicants who produce compelling and original master's theses, projects, or similarly competitive achievements.

Meanwhile, demonstrated success and experience in relevant professional roles often improves the prospects of doctoral candidates in disciplines such as business, education, or law.

4. Purpose Statement/Essay : Doctoral programs typically require some kind of purpose statement or essay. At the doctoral application level, a purpose statement outlines the applicant's specific research and professional goals during and after their doctoral program. A clear, focused purpose statement evidences an applicant's ability to direct their own research.

5. Official Transcripts : Most programs require applicants to submit official transcripts from all prior undergraduate and graduate schools attended. Several weeks before your application deadlines, contact each prior institution's registrar's office to fill out and submit a transcript request form (which usually involves a small fee).

Previous schools send official, signed, and sealed copies of your transcripts to whichever prospective programs you specify on your transcript request form. Students submitting applications at the last minute or while still in school often ask prospective schools to accept unofficial transcript copies while waiting for official transcripts to arrive.

Top 25 Online PhD Programs

A Ph.D. is a terminal degree that establishes the holder as an expert in his or her field. Learners in some areas of study can pursue a research-focused doctor of philosophy degree or a practice-based doctorate. Several accredited colleges and universities offer rigorous online Ph.D. programs.

According to data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), professionals with a doctorate earn more than other workers. Doctoral degree-holders are also less likely to be unemployed compared to professionals with less education. Additionally, the BLS projects positive growth rates for most occupations requiring a doctoral degree, including postsecondary teaching positions.

Popular Online Doctoral Programs

What is an online ph.d..

Online doctoral programs usually follow the same curricula as their on-campus counterparts. Doctoral degrees typically require 60 credits beyond the master’s level, which include coursework and dissertation research and writing.

Many doctoral programs require students to take a qualifying exam after two or three semesters of enrollment. Some schools also mandate that doctoral students take a comprehensive exam after completing coursework and before beginning their dissertation. Doctoral programs typically culminate in an oral dissertation defense before a panel of experts.

Why Get a Ph.D. Online?

Online Ph.D. programs offer several advantages over on-campus options. The list below includes five common benefits of completing a Ph.D. program online.

• Flexible Schedule: Many online doctoral programs feature an asynchronous format, allowing students to access class material at convenient times. However, most programs do set a deadline for the completion of course requirements.
• Higher Income Potential: Companies, federal agencies, and private institutions usually offer higher salaries to job applicants with a relevant doctoral degree.
• Lower Costs: Although most doctoral students receive institutional funding and awards from private or federal agencies, this funding may not cover all expenses. Online learning often reduces costs associated with transportation and living expenses.
• Minimal Disruption: Online doctoral students do not need to relocate to earn their degree. Additionally, many online learners work while pursuing their doctorate, especially those enrolled part time.
• Professional Requirement: Candidates typically need a doctorate to qualify for tenure-track positions in academia, leadership roles in industry, and top-level government jobs.

Accreditation for an Online Ph.D. Program

Accreditation is a voluntary process that colleges and universities undergo in order to receive recognition for the quality of their educational programs and their overall institutional soundness. The U.S. Department of Education (ED) and the Council for Higher Education Accreditation (CHEA) oversee the accreditation process in the United States.

Academic-focused nonprofit institutions typically earn regional accreditation, while career-centered vocational or sectarian schools often receive national accreditation. Because regional accreditors generally apply more rigorous standards than national accrediting bodies, regional accreditation is considered the more prestigious type. However, national accreditors must meet ED and CHEA requirements for accreditation standards and processes.

ED and CHEA also oversee programmatic accreditors, which evaluate programs in certain fields. For example, the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology accredits computer and engineering programs. The Distance Education Accrediting Commission accredits schools that offer at least 51% of their programs in an online format.

No accrediting body currently focuses on doctoral programs. Learners should ensure that any prospective institution holds regional accreditation.

Courses in an Online Ph.D. Program

In addition to specialization classes, most on-campus and online Ph.D. programs include coursework that covers general topics. These classes help students develop foundational skills they can apply throughout their doctoral studies and in their professional practice.

These classes cover basic skills such as research and writing, and doctoral students prepare to apply these concepts at an advanced level. Many schools require Ph.D. students to complete the following courses, regardless of their field.

Research comprises a major part of most doctoral programs. Even learners pursuing a practice-focused doctorate must complete a significant amount of in-depth research. Most programs require learners to complete a doctorate-level research course prior to beginning their dissertation. Doctoral degree-holders who enter positions in academia apply research skills throughout their career.

Academic Writing

Doctoral-level courses on academic writing help students gain the tools and techniques they need to write their dissertation. Graduates of Ph.D. programs often contribute to their field’s existing body of knowledge by authoring white papers and articles in industry journals, writing books, and drafting research proposals and reports. These activities require clear and concise writing skills.

Although doctoral degree-holders can secure high-level positions in industry and government, many pursue tenure-track positions in colleges and universities. For this reason, doctoral programs often include coursework in pedagogy. Students learn about various teaching methodologies, prepare to develop syllabi, and explore non-classroom learning activities. Some pedagogy classes include classroom teaching opportunities.

Communication and Presentation

Classes in communication and presentation skills are similar to teaching courses but typically have a wider scope. These classes prepare learners to defend their dissertation, which almost always involves an oral presentation. Since many doctoral degree-holders pursue leadership positions, strong communication skills are crucial to professional success.

Computer and Software

Regardless of their field or career aspirations, doctoral degree-holders need computer skills to succeed professionally. Some fields, such as engineering, require proficiency in industry-specific software. Doctoral students should master this software to complete research activities and to qualify for top-level positions. Doctoral programs often allow students to enroll in computer classes through another institution.

How Much Do Ph.D. Graduates Make?

Earning a Ph.D. can lead to personal, professional, and financial benefits. Ph.D. students gain comprehensive, advanced knowledge in their area, and many doctoral degree-holders enjoy positions of authority.

According to the BLS, professionals with a doctorate earned a median salary of $1,883 per week in 2019, more than individuals of any other education level. Master’s degree-holders, on the other hand, earned a weekly median salary of $1,497. Professionals with a bachelor’s degree earned a median of $1,248 per week.

The same data shows that doctoral degree-holders experience a 1.1% unemployment rate, the lowest of any workers. The unemployment rates for master’s and bachelor’s degree-holders in 2019 were 2% and 2.2%, respectively. Many graduates of Ph.D. programs enter occupations with faster-than-average growth rates. For example, the BLS projects employment for medical scientists to increase 6% from 2019 to 2029. The BLS projects a 9% growth for postsecondary teachers and 13% employment growth for audiologists during the same time frame.

Career and Salary Outlook for Ph.D. Graduates

Doctoral degree-holders often work in top-level positions in various industries, government agencies, nonprofit institutions, and academia. The rigorous training and discipline of a doctoral program makes graduates valuable and respected professionals. Doctoral degree-holders typically occupy positions with above-average job security and salaries. The four career options below require at least a postgraduate degree, preferably a doctorate.

• Postsecondary Teacher : College professors teach courses in their subject area. They typically lead lectures, class projects, and learning activities outside the classroom. These professionals track students’ progress through tests, term papers, projects, and class participation. Postsecondary instructors often confer and collaborate with colleagues who teach other subjects.
• Instructional Coordinator : Also known as curriculum specialists, instructional coordinators evaluate schools’ curricula and teaching techniques to ensure they adhere to federal regulations and district standards. These professionals review test data, observe teachers in the classroom and other educational settings, and conduct compliance training and information sessions.
• Elementary, Middle, and High School Principal : School principals often manage administrative staff, evaluate teacher performance, impose disciplinary action, meet with parents, and create safe learning environments. Principals also oversee expenses to make sure their school operates within budget. Principals may also work to maintain curriculum standards and provide career advancement opportunities for teachers.
• Postsecondary Education Administrator : Postsecondary education administrators at small institutions often perform several functions. They coordinate student services, oversee admissions and enrollment, manage budgets and expenses, and schedule classes. Large universities usually have administrators for specific sectors. For example, an academic provost may assist the university president with faculty appointments, educational policies, and curriculum issues.

Source: BLS

Scholarships for an Online Ph.D. Program

Many universities offer fellowships and scholarships to support Ph.D. students. Learners can also apply for funding opportunities from nonprofit organizations and federal agencies. Fellowships and other doctoral funding options do not require repayment. However, recipients may need to fulfill research or teaching requirements.

American Educational Research Association Dissertation Grants Who can Apply: AERA accepts applications from advanced doctoral students who need additional funding to conduct research and write their dissertation. Applicants must be enrolled in an education-related doctoral program in a field such as psychology, public policy, economics, or political science. Applicants must hold U.S. citizenship or be enrolled in a U.S. doctoral program. Amount: $25,000

American Marketing Association Valuing Diversity Ph.D. Scholarship Who can Apply: This scholarship accepts applications from members of underrepresented ethnic groups pursuing a doctorate in marketing. Applicants must identify as African American, Hispanic American, or Native American and must have completed at least one year of doctoral studies. Amount: $1,000

Department of Energy Computational Science Graduate Fellowship Who can Apply: DOE accepts applications from master’s and doctoral students whose studies focus on the use of advanced computing technology to solve complex engineering and science problems. Acceptable fields of study include applied mathematics, astrophysics, environmental science, and mechanical engineering. Applicants must hold U.S. citizenship or permanent residency status. Amount: Full tuition and fees, plus a $38,000 annual stipend

Mellon International Dissertation Research Fellowship Who can Apply: The Social Science Research Council awards this fellowship to doctoral students conducting research in the humanities and social sciences. Qualifying fields of study include art history, theater, literature, philosophy, and religion. The fellowship funds research that can only be completed onsite, where the researcher must be at a specific location for an extended period. The program accepts applications from U.S. citizens and doctoral students enrolled in an accredited U.S. institution. Amount: Varies (projected average award for 2021 is $23,000)

NSF Graduate Research Fellowship Program Who can Apply: The National Science Foundation awards funding to students pursuing a research-based master’s or doctorate in a STEM field at an accredited U.S. institution. The foundation encourages applications from members of underrepresented groups, such as persons with disabilities, minorities, veterans, and women. Amount: $34,000

Top 25 Ph.D. Programs Online

1. azusa pacific university.

Azusa Pacific University offers online doctoral programs with low residency requirements in nursing, higher education, and rehabilitation and movement science.

APU offers a doctor of nursing practice degree accredited by the Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education. The program offers an optional specialization in oncology. Learners must complete 1,000 hours of clinical residency and an evidence-based project.

Students can pursue a doctor of education in higher education leadership (51 credits) or a doctor of philosophy in higher education (60 credits). Both programs follow a cohort model of education and require enrollees to participate in on-campus learning activities at specific times during their enrollment.

The Ph.D. in rehabilitation and movement science offers courses online throughout the year but it requires students to participate in two one-week on-campus sessions each year. Applicants must have at least one year of work experience as licensed clinical health practitioners. Azusa Pacific University is regionally accredited by the WASC Senior College and University Commission.

2. Baker University

The School of Education at Baker University offers an online doctor of education in instructional design and performance technology. The 59-credit program includes 27 core coursework credits, six credits for research and statistical analysis, four credits for directed field experience, and 20 credits of dissertation development. The remaining two credits are reserved for portfolio presentation.

Applicants need a master’s degree in the field or a closely related area with a final GPA of at least 3.5. Master’s degree-holders may transfer up to eight credits toward the Ed.D. Students with a specialist degree (Ed.S.) or credits from another doctoral program may transfer up to 12 credits. Transfer credits must undergo a transcript review by the program coordinator before they can be counted toward the Ed.D.

The program follows a cohort model of education, with each course lasting seven weeks. Students start their dissertation during the third year of the program and must complete all coursework requirements within two years. Baker University is regionally accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.

3. Bradley University

The online doctor of education in higher education administration at Bradley University offers two focus areas: higher education leadership and community college leadership. The program does not lead to licensure or certification. Students must first complete 18 credits of core coursework before enrolling in classes specific to their focus area.

The core curriculum includes three credits each in the following: boards and educational governance; ethical and political foundations of educational policy; learning in an era of technology; and national trends in assessment, data analysis, and accountability. A six-credit internship completes the core coursework credit requirements.

Degree-seekers must complete an action research capstone project prior to graduation. Students must complete 15 credits of doctoral research coursework, which begins with an introductory class in doctoral studies and annotated bibliography. The other classes include research planning and ethics, data collection and analysis, literature review, and project conclusions. Bradley University is regionally accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.

4. Concordia University-Irvine

The School of Education at Concordia University Irvine offers a 46-credit doctor of education program in leadership with specializations in educational administration, organizational change, and special education. The program follows a cohort model of education and takes three years to complete.

Applicants must submit a statement of intent containing 5-7 pages describing their educational and professional goals, academic and research background, and reasons for choosing the Ed.D. program. Applicants must also submit a writing sample of up to 10 pages that demonstrates their ability to integrate research and professional literature in their writing.

Students can pursue the Ed.D. as a hybrid program, which delivers courses on campus, through synchronous online video conferencing, and via self-paced learning modules. Learners can also enroll in a fully online Ed.D. program with synchronous and asynchronous components. Most courses last eight weeks. Doctoral students craft individualized learning plans with their dissertation advisor at the beginning of the program.

Concordia University Irvine is regionally accredited by the WASC Senior College and University Commission.

5. Concordia University-Saint Paul

Concordia University, St. Paul offers a 64-credit online doctor of education degree that learners can complete in three years. A cohort program, the Ed.D. consists of 17 three-credit courses and a one-week residency during the summer of a student’s second and third year of enrollment.

The curriculum includes leadership and scholarship courses in topics such as organizational resource management, solutions-based leadership, influences and assessment of public policy, and data and quantitative analysis. Students can transfer a maximum of 23 credits from a master’s or post-specialist program subject to a thorough review of the program director. The Ed.D. does not accept research methodology credits for transfer. Dissertation research and writing consists of a total of 14 credits.

Doctoral students who plan to apply for their administrative license after the program must complete a K-12 internship consisting of six credits, plus any additional courses determined by the program director. Concordia University, St. Paul is regionally accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.

6. Creighton University

Creighton University offers online doctoral programs in interdisciplinary leadership and post-professional occupational therapy. Creighton also offers hybrid programs in business administration, nursing, occupational therapy, and pharmacy.

The doctor of education in interdisciplinary leadership comprises 60 credits that full-time learners can complete in four years. Students enroll in core courses in change theory and practice, administrative and policy leadership issues, strategic planning and management, and organizational theory and behavior. Degree-seekers can take all their classes online, but they must attend an on-campus residency during their first term. The university also requires doctoral candidates to return to campus to defend their dissertation.

The post-professional doctor of occupational therapy accepts applicants with either a bachelor’s or master’s degree in the field. The program allows enrollees to develop advanced clinical, teaching, and practice management skills. The program meets the educational requirements for occupational therapy licensure in the United States. Creighton University is regionally accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.

7. Endicott College

Endicott College offers online Ph.D. programs in nursing and applied behavior analysis. The programs follow a cohort model of education and do not require applicants to submit GRE scores. Doctoral students can transfer up to six credits toward their degree through prior learning assessment.

The Ph.D. in nursing comprises 45 credits, many of which learners can complete online. Applicants need a master’s degree in nursing from an accredited institution and a valid and unencumbered RN license. The curriculum includes coursework in research methods, approaches to nursing knowledge and theory development, and analysis and evaluation of theories impacting client phenomena.

The applied behavior analysis doctorate from Endicott’s School of Education consists of 60 credits with courses that run synchronously. Applicants need a master’s degree in applied behavior analysis and are preferably certified by the Behavior Analysis Certification Board. Endicott College is regionally accredited by the New England Commission on Higher Education.

8. The George Washington University

The George Washington University offers online Ph.D. programs in systems engineering and nursing. The School of Engineering and Applied Science offers a doctorate in systems engineering comprising 54 credits, 24 of which consists of coursework and 30 credits for dissertation research and writing.

Students progress as a cohort for the program’s coursework portion. Courses run synchronously and cover subjects such as data analysis, discrete systems simulation, advanced systems engineering, and research methods. The school requires Ph.D. enrollees to receive a minimum 3.4 GPA to avoid being dropped from the program.

The Ph.D. in nursing comprises 57 credits. Classes run synchronously online with an on-campus orientation session during the summer before initial enrollment. Students must also participate in two weekend residencies per semester during their first two years in the program. Learners pursuing the Ph.D. in nursing receive full tuition remission and a living stipend for their first two years of enrollment.

The George Washington University is regionally accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education.

9. Georgia College & State University

The School of Nursing at Georgia College and State University offers a 37-credit online doctor of nursing practice degree. Most students complete the program after five semesters of full-time enrollment. The program accepts part-time enrollees who typically earn the degree after eight semesters. Although an online program, the school requires doctoral candidates to attend an annual one-week onsite immersion experience.

Applicants need a master’s degree in nursing or anesthesia with a minimum 3.2 GPA and a valid RN license. They must also show completion of at least 500 supervised clinical hours at the master’s level. The curriculum includes coursework in epidemiology, evidence-based practice, informatics, and applied healthcare research.

Degree-seekers must complete an additional 540 clinical hours at the doctoral level prior to earning the degree. The program culminates with a capstone project in which students apply advanced theoretical constructs to address a challenge in their current work environment. Georgia College and State University is regionally accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges.

10. Gonzaga University

Gonzaga University offers online doctoral programs in nursing and leadership studies. Students accepted to the doctor of nursing practice (DNP) program with a bachelor’s degree must enroll in 78 credits, which typically takes five years to complete. Bachelor’s-trained doctoral candidates can follow a family nurse practitioner pathway or a psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner pathway.

The DNP program also accepts master’s-trained nurses who only need to complete 28-34 credits to earn the degree. Although an online program, the DNP requires master’s-trained students to participate in two on-campus residencies. Most students with a master’s degree take two years to complete the program.

The doctor of philosophy in leadership studies comprises 60 credits and typically takes 4-5 years to complete. All students start the program by enrolling in four foundation classes in leadership theory, global issues and policy analysis, ethics and leadership studies, and organizational theory. The program allows students to enroll in up to 12 credits of independent study and to transfer up to 12 Ph.D.-level credits from another accredited institution. Gonzaga University is regionally accredited by the Northwest Commission on Colleges and Universities.

11. Gwynedd Mercy University

Gwynedd Mercy University offers online doctoral programs in nursing and educational leadership. The two-year doctor of nursing practice (DNP) comprises 39 credits (13 courses) and accepts applications from MSN-trained RNs. The curriculum includes coursework in organizational behavior and social policy, statistical analysis for evidence-based practice, healthcare ethics, and leadership as an advanced practical nurse. The DNP includes 400 hours of clinical internship and one onsite session toward the end of the program.

The online executive doctorate in educational leadership consists of 54 credits that takes learners less than three years. The program follows a cohort model of education and an accelerated course schedule. Students enroll in one class at a time, and each class lasts five or seven weeks. Learners can choose from four interest areas: leadership in pre-K to 12 schools, higher education, special education, and teaching and learning in higher education.

Gwynedd Mercy University is regionally accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education.

12. Johns Hopkins University

Johns Hopkins University offers online doctoral programs in engineering, nursing, public health, and education. Students accepted to the doctor of nursing practice program can choose from nine tracks of study, including adult-gerontological acute care nurse practitioner and pediatric primary care nurse practitioner.

The doctor of public health degree from the Bloomberg School of Public Health comprises 64 credits and accepts applications from candidates with a master’s degree in the field. Applicants must show a strong academic grasp of biostatistics and epidemiology. The program offers specializations in environmental health, implementation science, health policy and management, and health equity and social justice.

The Ph.D. in mechanical engineering at the Whiting School of Engineering does not maintain a formal course schedule for enrollees. Instead, students work closely with their advisor to develop an individual plan of study that includes courses relevant to their educational and career objectives. Based on their course of study, doctoral candidates must pass a departmental and graduate board exam. They must also write and defend their dissertation to earn the degree.

Johns Hopkins University is regionally accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education.

13. Maryville University of Saint Louis

Maryville University offers online doctoral programs in nursing and higher education. Students can pursue both programs completely online.

MSN-trained students admitted to the online doctor of nursing practice (DNP) program typically graduate after just 20 months. Students who specialize in a nurse practitioner (NP) arena while pursuing the DNP usually graduate in 36 months. The DNP-to-NP program offers five specialization areas, including adult gerontology primary care, pediatric care, and psychiatric mental health.

The doctor of education accepts applications from master’s degree-holders who already have an initial principal license. The program follows a cohort model of education that takes learners 32 months to complete. The curriculum prepares graduates for the state superintendent licensure exam. Prior to graduation, students must complete a capstone project that demonstrates their mastery of the field and directly benefits the school district. Maryville University is regionally accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.

14. Mount Carmel College of Nursing

The online doctor of nursing practice (DNP) program at Mount Carmel College of Nursing comprises 37 credits beyond a master’s degree that takes students 18 months to complete. The DNP offers tracks in clinical practice leadership, executive healthcare leadership, and executive academic leadership.

Students must enroll in five foundation courses, including transformative leadership practices, evidence-based practice, and integrative structures of transformative practice. The program requires learners to participate in two onsite immersion experiences (4-5 days each) during the first and second semesters.

MSN-trained applicants with advanced practice certification can earn credits toward the degree through challenge exams. MSN-trained applicants without advanced practice certification may need to complete additional hours throughout the program. The program requires all applicants to hold a valid RN license. Students must complete 500 practice experience hours throughout their enrollment.

Mount Carmel College of Nursing is regionally accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.

15. Nebraska Methodist College of Nursing & Allied Health

Nebraska Methodist College of Nursing and Allied Health offers online doctoral programs in nursing, education, and public health. The doctor of nursing practice (DNP) program accepts bachelor’s and master’s degree-holders as well as advanced practice RNs. The BSN-to-DNP program consists of 75 credits, which includes 57 credits of coursework and 18 credits of clinical practice (1,080 contact hours). Full-time students typically complete the program after 36 months of continuous enrollment. The program accepts part-time enrollees, many of whom earn the degree in 4-5 years.

The doctoral programs in education and leadership in healthcare and in public health require applicants to hold a master’s degree in a healthcare-related field with at least a 3.0 GPA. Students pursuing either degree complete a scholarly capstone project instead of a dissertation as their culminating experience.

The curriculum for the Ed.D. in education and leadership in healthcare includes coursework in organization change and accountability; teaching, learning, and instructional methods; healthcare finance; and information technology in healthcare and education. The public health curriculum maintains a broader focus covering subjects like epidemiology, biostatistics, population health, and public health ethics.

Nebraska Methodist College of Nursing and Allied Health is regionally accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.

16. Quinnipiac University

Quinnipiac University offers two online doctoral programs . Students can pursue a doctor of nursing practice (DNP) at the School of Nursing or a post-professional occupational therapy doctorate at the School of Health Sciences.

The DNP program comprises 30 credits and accepts applications from MSN-trained RNs. Coursework covers subjects such as epidemiology and population health, leadership and collaboration for change in healthcare, and health policy and organizational systems. Students must complete an experiential capstone project as the culminating experience of the program.

The occupational therapy doctorate consists of 32 credits that students can complete in five semesters. Although all courses are available online, the program requires enrollees to participate in an on-campus summer class for one week, and again on symposium day prior to graduation. The curriculum includes coursework in innovations and emerging issues in adult healthcare, leadership in higher education, and directed study in evidence-based practice.

Quinnipiac University is regionally accredited by the New England Commission on Higher Education.

17. Regis College

Regis College offers an online doctoral program in nursing that accepts applications from BSN- and MSN-trained students. The doctor of nursing practice (DNP) program does not require applicants to submit GRE or GMAT scores. However, prospective students need an active RN license. Completing the DNP qualifies graduates to sit for certification exams from one of several certification boards such as the American Association of Nurse Practitioners and the National League for Nursing.

The BSN-to-DNP program consists of 73-76 credits that learners can complete in 3.5 years. Students can choose from six specialization areas, including pediatrics, women’s health, and psychiatric mental health.

The MSN-to-DNP program includes four tracks for different types of students. The program accepts applications from RNs seeking their first NP specialization, doctorate-seeking NPs, RNs with a master’s in a non-nursing field (bridge program), and RNs seeking a second NP specialization. How long it takes to complete the program and the total number of credits required for the degree depend on a student’s chosen track. Most students graduate in 24-36 months.

Regis College is regionally accredited by the New England Commission on Higher Education.

18. Regis University

Regis University offers online doctoral programs in nursing, occupational therapy, and dual programs in pharmacy and health informatics and pharmacy and health services administration. The doctor of nursing practice program comprises 31-36 credits and features two specialization areas: advanced leadership in healthcare and advanced practice registered nursing. Classes follow eight-week terms.

Regis offers the online doctoral program in occupational therapy in partnership with Creighton University in Omaha, Nebraska. Creighton faculty teach the online courses, while Regis faculty supervise the program’s experiential aspects, including anatomy labs, simulation center, and service learning. The program consists of 125 credits.

The dual programs lead to a doctorate in pharmacy and an MS in either health informatics or health services administration. Each dual program comprises 165 credits. Classes follow eight-week delivery schedules. Students must complete the Pharm.D. portion of the program within four years after the MS. Regis University is regionally accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.

19. Samford University

Samford University offers online doctoral programs in public health, education, and nursing. The doctorate in educational leadership at Orlean Beeson School of Education accepts applicants with a master’s or an education specialist degree. Master’s degree-holders complete 66 credits, while education specialist degree-holders complete 36 credits. The curriculum includes core courses in organizational dynamics, ethical issues in education, negotiation and conflict resolution, and educational policy development and analysis.

Students admitted to the doctor of nursing practice at Moffett and Sanders School of Nursing can specialize in nursing administration or advanced practice RN. Both programs require learners to complete at least 1,000 clinical hours. MSN-trained RNs can transfer some clinical hours from their master’s toward the doctorate with the approval of the program director.

The online doctoral in public health offers a concentration in health management and policy and in population health analytics and decision-making. The program welcomes full-time and part-time enrollees. Most students earn the degree after five semesters. Samford University is regionally accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges.

20. The College of Saint Scholastica

The College of Liberal Arts & Sciences at the University of Florida offers online Ph.D. programs in classical civilization and in Latin and Roman studies. The programs allow students to craft individual plans of study and require the completion of 60 credits beyond a master’s degree. Doctoral candidates must pass written and oral comprehensive exams and write and defend their dissertation.

UF also offers online doctoral programs in education. Students can pursue a doctor of education degree in the fields of educational leadership, higher education administration, and curriculum and instruction. The doctorate in curriculum and instruction offers specializations in educational technology and in teachers, schools, and society. The programs follow a cohort model of education.

The doctor of nursing program at UF’s College of Nursing accepts BSN- and MSN-trained nurses. The BSN-to-DNP program consists of 75-78 credits, while the MSN-to-DNP program requires 35 credits. The latter only accepts applications from advanced practice RNs with a valid APRN license. Both programs maintain minimal onsite requirements. The University of Florida is regionally accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges.

21. University of Southern California

University of Southern California offers online doctoral programs in the fields of social work, physical therapy, and education.

USC’s Rossier School of Education offers online doctoral programs in educational leadership and in organizational change and leadership. Although students can complete coursework for either program online, the school requires doctoral candidates to attend onsite immersion experiences, which are scheduled in advance. The school also offers an online global executive doctorate specifically designed for senior education professionals seeking to shape educational policies and practice internationally.

Students accepted to USC’s doctor of social work program can pursue an accelerated track that takes seven semesters or a regular track that takes nine semesters. The program comprises 42 credits and does not require applicants to submit GRE scores with their application. The doctorate in physical therapy follows a hybrid delivery format and includes coursework in musculoskeletal anatomy, clinical exercise physiology, life span motor control, and differential diagnosis in physical therapy.

The University of Southern California is regionally accredited by the WASC Senior College and University Commission.

22. University of St Francis

Students accepted to the online doctoral program in education at the University of St. Francis can pursue a concentration in superintendent endorsement or in leadership, learning, and stewardship. The Ed.D. comprises 60 credits. Although learners can complete most coursework online, the program requires some onsite presence.

The Ed.D. in superintendent endorsement accepts applications only from practitioners holding a professional educator license with a general administrative or principal endorsement. The program prepares these candidates for district-wide leadership. Students in this concentration work with their advisors to craft an individualized plan of study that supports their specific career and educational goals.

USF also offers a 40-credit doctor of nursing practice program with an optional concentration in nurse education. The curriculum includes courses in healthcare policy, politics, and practice; diversity and social justice in a global society; healthcare finance and practice management; and professional and organizational communication.

University of St. Francis is regionally accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.

23. Villanova University

Villanova University offers online doctoral programs in nursing through the M. Louise Fitzpatrick College of Nursing. Students can choose to pursue a doctor of nursing practice (DNP) or a doctor of philosophy degree.

The DNP allows students to choose a full-time, part-time, or flex track, which they can complete in five, eight, or 11 consecutive semesters, respectively. DNP courses run synchronously with some on-campus components scheduled ahead of time. The program follows a cohort model of education and accepts applications only from MSN-trained advanced practice RNs with a current APRN license.

The Ph.D. program offers online coursework during the fall and spring semesters and on-campus classes during summer terms. The program comprises 51 credits and includes courses in conceptual and theoretical foundations in nursing science; advocacy, policy, and ethics in healthcare; structure and philosophy in higher education; and curriculum design in nursing education. The length of time to complete the Ph.D. varies and depends on a student’s educational background, progress in the program, and personal goals.

Villanova University is regionally accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education.

24. Wilkes University

Wilkes University offers online doctoral programs in education and nursing. The doctorate in educational leadership follows a cohort model of education and requires students to attend only three residencies throughout their course of study. The curriculum comprises 60 post-master’s credits and offers concentrations in educational technology, curriculum and instruction, and educational leadership studies. By enrolling in 12-18 credits each year, doctoral candidates can complete the coursework portion of the program in 3-4 years and begin writing their dissertation.

Nursing practitioners can choose to get a doctor of nursing practice (DNP) or a doctor of philosophy (Ph.D.). The DNP comprises 35 credits and takes two years to complete. The Ph.D. consists of 47 credits and takes three years. Both programs accept applications from MSN-trained practitioners with a valid nursing license. Students complete all coursework online. However, Ph.D. candidates must attend one two-day on-campus residency prior to graduation. The DNP program requires candidates to complete clinical hours, the total number of which depends on their educational and practice background.

Wilkes University is regionally accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education.

25. A.T. Still University of Health Sciences

The College of Graduate Health Studies at A.T. Still University of Health Sciences offers online doctoral programs in health administration, health professions, and health sciences. The programs only accept applications from practitioners holding a master’s degree in the area of study they plan to pursue or a closely related field.

The health professions and health administration programs consist of 55 and 62 credits, respectively. The college offers both programs completely online. Students pursuing the health professions program complete a doctoral research project as their culminating activity. Doctoral candidates in the health administration program write a dissertation.

The doctoral program in health science comprises 70 post-master’s credits and offers three concentration areas: global health, fundamentals of education, and leadership and organizational behavior. The curriculum includes coursework in population health and patient-centered care; health administration, law, and ethics; risk management for health professionals; and principles of management and decision analysis. An applied research project is the degree’s culminating activity.

A.T. Still University of Health Sciences is regionally accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.

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The highest level of education college students can achieve is a doctoral degree. Prospective students can expect the same rigorous, high-quality education and career opportunities from an online PhD program as they would from an in-person experience. Some doctoral degrees, especially PhDs, require students to engage in high-level research within a specific discipline, while other types of doctorates teach students to use research to solve real-world problems. We've selected a wide variety of the best doctoral and PhD programs you should consider.

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Purdue Global

• National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) and reflects the most current available data. In the absence of available NCES data, online enrollment data was provided by an official representative of the school. Contact the school directly for additional online enrollment information. ">Online Enrollment: 11,615

At Purdue Global, we prioritize a personalized online learning experience designed to fit your schedule and career goals. Through innovative technology, our user-friendly platform allows you to study anytime, whether early morning or late at night. Engage with peers and faculty through interactive seminars and message boards. Our extensive online resources include full library access and comprehensive support services. With thousands of academic journals and personalized assistance available, your academic journey is well-supported. Contact an Admissions Advisor to discover how our flexible degree programs can help advance your career while maintaining your current lifestyle.

Liberty University

• National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) and reflects the most current available data. In the absence of available NCES data, online enrollment data was provided by an official representative of the school. Contact the school directly for additional online enrollment information. ">Online Enrollment: 45,783

Liberty University offers over 600 online degree programs including undergraduate, graduate, and doctoral levels, aiming to provide flexible and affordable education. Tuition fees have remained unchanged for nine years, reflecting our commitment to cost stability. Ranked in the top 10% of Niche.com's best online schools in America, we emphasize academic quality and accessibility. With eight annual start dates, we accommodate your schedule, ensuring you earn your degree conveniently from home. Our tuition rates are competitive, ranking in the top third for affordability among leading online institutions. Join us and become a part of a distinguished community dedicated to impactful education.

Grand Canyon University

• National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) and reflects the most current available data. In the absence of available NCES data, online enrollment data was provided by an official representative of the school. Contact the school directly for additional online enrollment information. ">Online Enrollment: 34,152

Grand Canyon University (GCU) offers a range of accredited online degree programs, allowing you to pursue higher education with flexibility suited for balancing personal and professional commitments. With nearly 93,000 online students in Fall 2023, our e-learning platform connects you to a diverse collegiate community, providing an education equal in quality to traditional on-campus programs. GCU's tuition is consistent for all students, regardless of residency, supplemented by scholarship opportunities and special military rates. Our institution, accredited by the Higher Learning Commission since 1968, ensures its programs meet rigorous academic standards, delivering career-ready graduates across multiple disciplines.

We’ve highlighted two lists for the best doctoral degrees in business or management. Graduates of these programs often pursue top leadership positions at companies and are equipped to handle major strategy decisions.

University of West Alabama

• National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) and reflects the most current available data. In the absence of available NCES data, online enrollment data was provided by an official representative of the school. Contact the school directly for additional online enrollment information. ' >Online Enrollment: 4,362
• Recommendation rates and review counts are based on student reviews we have collected. View more reviews for this school at University of West Alabama ' >Recommend Rate: 71%

Join the University of West Alabama's thriving online community with over 70 degree and certification programs available. Established in 1835, we bring history and innovation together through competitive degrees in business, teaching, and psychology among others. Our expert instructors boast real-world experience, ensuring top-tier education in a flexible online environment. Affordability is paramount, with 80% of our students receiving financial aid and numerous scholarships, including Military Connect and Teacher Connect, saving you thousands. Serving over 20,000 students, we invite you to start your journey with UWA Online and influence tomorrow with relevant skills today.

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Counseling & Psychology

An online PhD or doctorate in counseling or psychology allows for deeper exploration of psychological theories, practice, and research methodologies. While we’ve highlighted programs that offer online coursework, students may be required to attend some in-person residencies or clinical internships.

National University

• National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) and reflects the most current available data. In the absence of available NCES data, online enrollment data was provided by an official representative of the school. Contact the school directly for additional online enrollment information. ' >Online Enrollment: 11,757
• Recommendation rates and review counts are based on student reviews we have collected. View more reviews for this school at National University ' >Recommend Rate: 47%

For over 50 years, National University has specialized in delivering flexible online degree programs tailored for busy adults. We are a Veteran-founded, San Diego-based nonprofit, providing accessible education in over 45 accredited programs, including bachelor's, master's, and doctoral degrees, plus certificates. Our asynchronous format allows you to engage in coursework that fits your schedule in a dynamic, interactive environment, featuring four-week courses with monthly start dates. We proudly support a community of 240,000 alumni worldwide and offer seamless credit transfers to help you achieve educational goals anytime, anywhere. Explore our WSCUC-accredited offerings and join our global community.

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• 2024 Best Online PhD Programs in Clinical Psychology
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With healthcare positions projected to grow significantly over the next decade, many within the industry are pursuing degrees at the doctoral level. Most of the programs we’ve featured offer fully online coursework but may require a clinical component that must be completed in-person at a medical facility or hospital.

• National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) and reflects the most current available data. In the absence of available NCES data, online enrollment data was provided by an official representative of the school. Contact the school directly for additional online enrollment information. ' >Online Enrollment: 45,007
• Recommendation rates and review counts are based on student reviews we have collected. View more reviews for this school at Purdue Global ' >Recommend Rate: 75%

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Pursuing a online PhD or doctorate in education is a great choice for those committed to advancing educational theory, policy, and practice. This advanced degree equips professionals with deep expertise in educational research, leadership, and curriculum development, positioning them to influence change at the highest levels in academia, government, or educational institutions.

Regent University Online

• National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) and reflects the most current available data. In the absence of available NCES data, online enrollment data was provided by an official representative of the school. Contact the school directly for additional online enrollment information. ' >Online Enrollment: 8,451
• Recommendation rates and review counts are based on student reviews we have collected. View more reviews for this school at Regent University Online ' >Recommend Rate: 62%

At Regent University Online, you can seamlessly balance life’s demands while pursuing excellence in over 150 study areas, such as business, cybersecurity, education, and law. Recognized by U.S. News & World Report for 12 consecutive years as Virginia's top online bachelor's programs, Regent offers best-in-class online learning experiences. Enjoy structured eight-week course sessions and leverage our robust transfer policy that accepts up to 90 credits. Regent is committed to integrating knowledge with faith, supported by dedicated advisors and faculty mentors. Affordable tuition and military benefits further empower your learning journey.

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Overview of Online PhD Degree Programs

One of the oldest academic degrees in existence, a doctorate degree is a postsecondary credential, also known as a terminal degree , that is awarded to students who have achieved the highest level of education or training in a given area of study. Doctoral programs train students to create, apply, and research original knowledge. They take multiple years of graduate study to earn, with students completing a varying mix of coursework, exams, and practicums. 

The challenging nature of these requirements is perhaps the reason why a large number of doctoral students — roughly 50% — drop out. However, those who achieve their degree are equipped with expert-level knowledge in a given subject area as well as transferable research, writing, and communication skills. These qualifications typically prepare doctoral degree holders for advanced positions in academia, government, or vocational settings where professionals require specific expertise.

While they are primarily offered on-campus, many colleges and universities include the option to pursue a doctoral degree online. Prospective doctoral students can choose from programs offering exclusively online courses as well as hybrid models with a mix of distanced and on-campus learning.

What Are the Types of PhD Programs Online?

Not all types of doctoral degrees serve the same purpose. Many prospective students may be thinking of a PhD — also known as a Doctor of Philosophy — when referring to a doctorate. While correct, a PhD is a research doctorate in which the primary goal is to advance new knowledge. For instance, individuals who pursue a PhD degree in physics conduct original research, typically with the goal of working in academia.

By contrast, professional doctorate programs prepare students to practice a vocation. Examples include the Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP), Doctor of Psychology (PhD), Doctor of Medicine (MD), Doctor of Business Administration (DBA), Doctor of Education (EdD), or Juris Doctor (JD). These degree holders are trained to apply field-specific knowledge in settings such as hospitals or courtrooms.

How Long Does It Take to Earn An Online Doctoral Degree?

Depending on individual program requirements and the type of degree, most doctoral degree programs can be completed in 3-8 years, though it may take over 10 years in some circumstances. The average time to completion is 7.5 years , and accelerated or online programs are designed to be completed in 3-5 years. It is important to note that schools may place a time limit on the number of years students have to complete their doctoral coursework and defend their dissertations or capstone projects.

What Will You Learn in an Online PhD Program?

Like their on-campus peers, students in an online PhD degree spend the first few years completing advanced coursework, focusing on research, writing, and data analysis to expand or apply existing knowledge in their chosen field of interest. 

This rigorous study demands a deep commitment, as it challenges students intellectually and personally. However, online PhD students benefit from the flexibility to balance professional and personal responsibilities. 

Pursuing a terminal degree is not only about career advancement but also about personal growth, as it fosters critical thinking, resilience, and a deeper connection to one's discipline, making the journey intrinsically rewarding.

Popular Subjects at the Doctoral Level

Below, we highlight some of the online PhD programs mentioned earlier, offering additional details on career opportunities and the roles students can pursue based on their chosen specialization. This overview provides insights into the specific career paths and professional responsibilities associated with each program.

PhD in Business

An online PhD in business prepares individuals for advanced roles in academia, research, or leadership positions in the corporate world. This degree involves deep exploration of business theories, research methods, and practical applications in areas like finance, management, and marketing. While many business professionals succeed with an MBA, a PhD offers opportunities to teach at the university level or contribute to high-level research and strategy development, unlocking additional career paths.

Doctor of Nursing Practice

Nurses who hold a bachelor's or master's degree may want to pursue an online Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) to advance their career. A DNP enables a nurse to become an advanced practice registered nurse (APRN), possibly with an area of specialization. An APRN's scope of practice varies by state, but they can often diagnose illnesses, prescribe medications, and develop patient care plans. 

Doctor of Physical Therapy or Occupational Therapy

To become a licensed physical therapist, you need a Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT), which provides advanced training in assessing conditions, developing mobility plans, managing pain, and educating patients. Similarly, occupational therapists aiming to conduct research or educate others may pursue a Doctor of Occupational Therapy (DOT). While only a master's degree is required to practice, a doctorate can expand career prospects in both fields.

PhD in Clinical Psychology or Counseling

An  online PhD in clinical psychology offers in-depth training in diagnosing and treating mental health disorders, preparing graduates for clinical practice. An  online PhD in counseling , meanwhile, helps develop expertise in therapy, research, and program development. Similarly, an  online PhD in psychology provides broad knowledge of psychological theories and research, leading to careers in academia, consulting, or applied psychological research. All three programs open up opportunities for leadership, academic roles, and specialized practice.

PhD in Education

An online doctorate in education prepares professionals for advanced roles in educational research, policy-making, and leadership, focusing on improving teaching practices and educational systems. An online educational leadership doctoral program , on the other hand, specifically trains individuals to lead schools or organizations, develop educational policies, and drive systemic change. Both offer career advancement in administration, academia, or education reform.

Choosing an Online Phd Program

Prospective online doctoral students should practice their due diligence when choosing the best online PhD program. Beyond exploring program specifics and student services, students will want to select a school that has earned institutional accreditation . This means that the school has been reviewed by an independent agency and proven to meet nationally accepted standards. To determine whether the institution you're considering is accredited, visit the Database of Accredited Postsecondary Institutions and Programs .

Earning a doctorate takes years of intensive study in graduate school, so it's important for potential applicants to choose the right subject, school, and format. When researching options, it may be helpful to ask these key questions:

What are my career goals?  — First, determine whether a doctorate is necessary or desirable in a given field. For example, aspiring professors, lawyers, veterinarians, psychologists, or doctors must earn a doctorate . However, those who aim to work in areas such as business or tech typically don't require this level of education. In these cases, it may be best to earn a bachelor's or master's degree.

Do I want a professional or academic doctorate? — Different doctoral degrees serve different purposes. Students primarily interested in conducting research, advancing original knowledge, or working in academia should opt for an academic doctorate. By contrast, a professional doctorate is better suited to those who hope to practice professions such as law or medicine in real-world settings.

Applying to a Doctoral Program

Doctoral programs typically admit only a handful of new students each year, so competition for spots can be fierce. While admission requirements vary by school, most have similar requirements and these remain constant across online and in-person degree options. Prospective students typically need to meet the following requirements to get accepted into a doctoral program:

Some graduate programs require doctoral students to have completed a master's in the same or a related field, while others accept students with a bachelor's or an unrelated master's degree.

Usually, a GPA of 3.0 or higher is required across all previous degrees. Schools want to train scholars who are serious about advancing their field of study, so the academic standards are usually higher than for other degrees.

There are often competitive entrance exam scores with thresholds that vary by school. These exams include the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) or Graduate Management Admissions Test.

Letters of recommendation are useful to include, especially from professors, coaches, or mentors that speak to the student's academic and personal merit and likelihood of success in the particular program.

A personal essay is often required that expresses the student's reasons, motivation, and desire to complete a high-level degree in their chosen field.

Many doctoral programs, especially in research-heavy fields like psychology or the sciences, highly value prior research experience. Demonstrating involvement in academic research or having publications can strengthen an application. 

Some programs, particularly in clinical fields or selective disciplines, may require an interview as part of the admissions process to assess the applicant’s fit for the program and research alignment. 

In addition to these standard requirements, some disciplines require professional work experience or language proficiency. For example, students pursuing online doctoral studies in nursing may need a minimum number of clinical hours or years of full-time employment. By contrast, applicants to PhD programs in classics may need to demonstrate some familiarity with Latin or Ancient Greek.

Careers and Job Outlook

An online doctorate can lead to career opportunities that may otherwise be unavailable to bachelor's and even master's degree holders. For instance, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics ( BLS ), a JD is typically required to become a practicing attorney, and doctorates are needed to become a physician, dentist, or psychologist. 

A PhD is essential for those who want to conduct research in almost any field, either in an academic setting or an advanced research facility.

Aside from expanding job opportunities in specific areas, an online doctorate also offers general career advantages. Students who successfully earn this degree typically gain considerable experience with relevant skills for government organizations, nonprofits, and startups. In particular, their ability to interpret different kinds of data, translate complex problems for wide audiences, identify unique funding opportunities, and evaluate multiple sources of information can make graduates valuable assets for employers in these industries.

Overall, the BLS projects that a doctoral degree comes with better pay and a favorable job outlook through 2030 , particularly in the education, healthcare, and law sectors. 

Benefits of Earning a PhD

It's clear that doctoral degrees may open doors to higher-paying career opportunities. Nevertheless, earning a doctorate is an expensive, demanding, and time-consuming process. Before enrolling in an online PhD program, it's worth examining the pros and cons. Below are some of the benefits: 

Practical and Life Skills : Doctoral students often gain valuable life skills like financial management, career planning, and self-motivation, in addition to deep professional expertise.

Recognition and Expertise : With fewer individuals holding PhDs, graduates are typically recognized as experts or leaders in their fields.

Personal Enrichment : For those who value continual learning, personal growth, and career advancement, earning a doctorate can be a deeply rewarding experience.

So, Is an Online Doctorate Worth It?

Like any educational investment, the worth of an online doctorate depends, in part, on personal circumstances, career goals, familial responsibilities, finances, and learning style. However, as a highly specialized and advanced degree, a doctorate comes with distinctive benefits and challenges of its own.

There are a limited number of professions that require a doctorate. However, those that do, such as doctors or lawyers, tend to be well compensated, so pursuing a doctoral program in these fields may yield a high return on investment. By contrast, the outlook for academic doctoral candidates is less promising with both salaries and the number of full-time positions decreasing for individuals who want to work in academia. But a PhD may still be worth it for those who love conducting academic research, writing, and teaching. 

Additionally, students who enroll in an online doctorate may benefit from accelerated learning models and complete their degree in as little as three years — considerably sooner than traditional programs. However, online learning may not always offer adequate support. Furthermore, by studying online, students may forgo important sources of financial aid such as research and teaching assistantships.

FAQs on PhD and Doctoral Programs

What is the difference between phds and professional doctorates.

Both PhDs and professional doctorates are terminal degrees: they are both types of doctoral degree programs. Although there are variations within advanced degrees, a PhD is generally considered a research degree program that trains students to produce original research, advance knowledge in their field, and prepare for careers in academia or scientific research. By contrast, in a professional doctorate program, students learn to apply their knowledge to real-world situations while studying advanced concepts in disciplines such as medicine, business, or law. 

Can You Earn a Doctorate Online?

Yes, you can earn a doctorate online. Over the last couple of decades, many universities have begun to offer PhD programs online, and there are now hundreds of PhD and professional doctorate online programs for you to choose from. Many accredited online PhD programs are fully remote, allowing students to take online courses and meet other degree requirements at their own pace. Other programs — particularly in the STEM fields — may require occasional campus visits to complete labs or meet faculty. 

How Demanding Is a PhD?

It can be extremely challenging to complete a PhD program. Many doctoral students find the advanced coursework to be mentally demanding, and they often face financial and emotional stressors, resulting in anxiety or depression . A strong support network, realistic expectations, and clear goals may help doctoral candidates retain a positive outlook during their higher education journey. 

For more information on coping with mental and emotional challenges while earning a degree, see our mental health guide for college students .

Which Doctorate Is the Highest In Demand?

In recent years, some world economy experts have predicted that graduates with PhDs may experience job shortages and career insecurity in academia. However, the BLS expects several doctoral degrees to remain in high demand through the end of this decade. One example is a PhD in any high-growth STEM field, where a doctorate may increase job opportunities. Additionally, demand for JD graduates and nurses with a doctoral education also remains strong.

Can I Earn My Doctorate Without a Master's?

Yes, depending on the type of degree and subject, you can earn a doctorate without first earning a master's degree . In fact, many PhD programs incorporate all of the master's-level and doctoral-level coursework into one program, allowing bachelor's degree holders to enter directly into a doctoral program.

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