experiment 4 extraction lab report

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Extraction - Lab Report

Organic chemistry i (chem 201), tarleton state university.

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Preview text, extraction: distribution of substances between two immiscible liquids, nettie hetzel.

Nettie Hetzel Dr. Srinivasan 2123- 6-8- Extraction: Distribution of Substances Between Two Immiscible Liquids ABSTRACT Extraction is a technique used to purify and separate liquids by exploiting their solubility, polarity, and pH. The lab begins with a solid mixture which is dissolved into an organic and aqueous phase, and is further separated, then heated and dried back to solids. By adding the correct solvents, following through the mixing and venting steps, the lab yields two separated and purified compounds. INTRODUCTION Extraction is a technique used to purify and separate liquids. This experiment used a solid mixture of benzoic acid and dibenzal acetone in a 1 to 2 ratio. Dichloromethane, sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid, were mixed, which produced clear separations that were able to be filtered into separate containers. After separation, heat and vacuum drying yielded two very separate products. MATERIALS & METHODS In this experiment, a separatory funnel was placed on a ring stand. Samples were obtained using weighing papers, beakers and graduated cylinders. A test tube was used for initial mixtures. A scale was used to ensure accurate amounts of samples were obtained. A hot plate was used under a vent hood. A vacuum filter was set up with a wetted filter paper. The separatory funnel was carefully moved around to mix, making sure the vent it correctly to avoid a pressure accident. A Pasteur pipet with cotton was used for our manual filtering of the organic phase. Benzoic Acid MW: 122 g/mol Density:1 g/cm 3 Dibenzal Acetone MW: 234 g/mol Density: 1 g/cm 3 Dichlorothethane MW: 84 g/mol Density: 1 g/cm 3 Hydrogen Chloride

Nettie Hetzel Dr. Srinivasan 2123- 6-8-

RESULTS & DISCUSSION

After following through with the experiment the results showed that the dibenzal acetone was reactive to the organic phase, and the benzoic was separated into the aqueous phase. The calculations showed a 49% yield of our wet filter, which showed good separations and transfers of the benzoic acid. However, our organic phase showed only a 38% recovery. This was partially due to the oily texture of the dibenzal acetone. There was a thin layer remaining on the walls of the separation funnel. CALCULATIONS % recovery of the wet filter: .18/*100=49% % recovery of the organic phase: .138/*100=38% SAFETY AND DISPOSAL For our safety, our personal protective gear was worn throughout the entirety of the lab. This includes but is not limited to, goggles, gloves, and full length pants. For safe disposal, the mixtures were poured into the labeled disposal containers. Any and all materials we used from the drawer were rinsed, dried, and returned to the drawer before leaving. The hot plate, heating mantle, stand, and clamps were returned to their designated area. Glass pipettes were placed in the glass disposal box.

Nettie Hetzel Dr. Srinivasan 2123- 6-8- CONCLUSION The results of this experiment led us to conclude the mixture separated into an organic phase and an aqueous phase due to polarity and solubility. The benzoic acid was that of the organic phase, and the dibenzal acetone was that of the aqueous phase. REFERENCE Mohrig, J., Albert, D., Hofmeister, G., et al; Laboratory Techniques in Organic Chemistry, 4th ed., W. Freeman and Company, New York: 2014. POST LAB QUESTIONS 1. The student removed the water, so the only solvent remaining was the ether. 2. If the mixture is treated with HCl to form salt, it is able to be separated. 3. It can produce enough pressure to knock the cork out of the funnel, and possibly cause injury. It must be vented. 4. The more dense would be on the bottom, and the less dense would be on the top. 5. -

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Course : Organic Chemistry I (CHEM 201)

University : tarleton state university.

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Question: Lab Report #4: Extraction - Part II Experiment Objectives: To complete Extraction Part I by obtaining the mass and melting points of the samples To become comfortable with the concept of acid/base chemistry for separation purposes -Introduction: This lab is the second part of the extraction of organic molecules. Here, you obtain the mass and melting points

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